Mark's Locality
Basic information
Sample name: Mark's Locality

Sample aka: CM locality 3613; Twelvemile Gulch; WMU locality 110

Reference: R. L. Anemone and W. Dirks. 2009. An anachronistic Clarkforkian mammal fauna from the Paleocene Fort Union Formation (Great Divide Basin, Wyoming, USA). Geologica Acta 7(1-2):113-124 [ER 4114]
Geography
Country: United States

State: Wyoming

County: Sweetwater

Coordinate: 42° 50' 44" N, 109° 36' 9" W
Latlng basis: stated in text

Scale: outcrop

Formation: Fort Union

Time interval: Late Palaeocene

Zone: Clarkforkian

Max Ma: 56.85

Min Ma: 56.0

Age basis: paleomag

Geography comments: coordinate is of a measured section at CM locality 3613
from the uppermost Fort Union Formation, and assigned to zone Cf-2 as redefined by the authors
Cf-2 is entirely within the early part of C24r and is show in Fig. 21 to span approximately 56.85 to 56 Ma based on stratigraphic data for Polecat Bench

Environment
Lithology: siltstone

Taphonomic context: overbank deposit

Habitat comments: there are two fossiliferous layers in the locality, the lower "a weakly laminated greenish siltstone" with "plant material" and the upper "A series of interbedded siltstones and sandy siltstones" with "thin sandstone lenses"
apart from some cross-bedded fluvial sandstones in the section, it is implied to be mostly "paludal"
said to be mudstones instead by Anemone and Dirks (2009)
"mostly isolated teeth, a number of disarticulated postcrania, and a few jaws"

Methods
Life forms: carnivores, primates, rodents, ungulates, other small mammals

Sampling methods: screenwash, surface

Sample size: 126 specimens

Years: 1994

Museum: Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Net or trap nights: 0

Basal area status: not applicable

Sampling comments: originally described by Anemone and Dirks (2009, ER 4114), who present a considerably different faunal list
the material was at Western Michigan University according to Anemone and Dirks (2009) but in the Carnegie Museum according to Anemone et al. (2024)
"first located and identified in 1994... The locality has been surface collected during five different field seasons and screen washed. Wet screen washing (with .3 cm screen) of the upper fossil-bearing unit in the field resulted in the retrieval of approximately 20 kg of fossil-bearing matrix" but the weight of the original sediment is not indicated (Anemone and Dirks 2009)
a single Phenacodus tooth was found at CM 3612, plus non-mammalian vertebrates; this specimen is included in Table 1 but discounted in the entered list
non-mammalian vertebrates are presumably present but not discussed

Metadata
Sample no: 4545

Contributor no: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Modifier no: John Alroy

Created: 2024-12-03 08:42:23

Modified: 2025-12-14 12:28:33

Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
22 species
10 singletons
total count 126
geometric series index: 54.6
Fisher's α: 7.711
geometric series k: 0.8399
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8373
Shannon's H: 2.2798
Good's u: 0.9211
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